Beyond fidelity: Rethinking realism through human behavior in VR city modeling LOD design

Abstract

This study uses gaze behaviour to examine realism in virtual urban environments. It assesses how geometric complexity, appearance, and semantic information shape perception, providing a human-centred basis for choosing levels of detail in VR city models.

Publication
International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 152, 105484

Published in the International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, volume 152, article 105484 (August 2026). First available online on 28 July 2026. Wufan Zhao is the corresponding author.

Cai Wu
Cai Wu
Assistant Professor

I study computational urban morphology, GeoAI, and data-driven urban design, developing reproducible methods for understanding cities across scales.